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Abbreviations are shortened types of phrases that comply with completely different tips based mostly in your viewers and magnificence information. This submit particulars the particular guidelines for abbreviation punctuation. Learn to abbreviate names, titles, addresses, and measurements.
The best way to Punctuate Abbreviations
Listed below are the completely different guidelines for punctuating abbreviations.
Names and Widespread Titles
Use one letter and a interval when abbreviating names. But when two successive letters are abbreviated, you shouldn’t add areas between them.
Examples:
- Beautiful S. Sanchez
- Susan I. Gilmore
- J.P. Reid
But when the complete title is abbreviated, there’s no want so as to add intervals.
Examples:
- JFK (John F. Kennedy).
- MJ (Michael Jordan).
- FDR (Franklin Delano Roosevelt).
If the names or private titles have junior or senior, abbreviate them and capitalize the primary letter.
Examples:
- Robert Downey Sr.
- John F. Kennedy Jr.
Listed below are different abbreviated titles you’ll encounter:
- Rev. for Reverend.
- Gov. for Governor.
- Prof. for Professor.
- Sen. for Senator
- Rep. for Consultant.
There are additionally French and Spanish abbreviations for some courtesy titles like Monsieur and Señor. Theseare the Spanish counterparts of the English titles Mister and Sir.
Examples:
- M. Hernandez.
- Sr. Gonzales.
Acronyms
Do not forget that abbreviations, acronyms, and initialisms are below various classes of letters. We don’t punctuate acronyms and initialism.
Acronyms might characterize a phrase, however we pronounce the preliminary letters as phrases. In the meantime, initialisms come from the primary letters of phrases, with each letter pronounced.
Examples:
- YMCA
- NASA
- NATO
- NAACP
- NAFTA
- ABC
- FBI
Addresses
When abbreviating a mailing handle, the correct interval utilization is for compass factors and phrases like Ave., Blvd., or St. Nonetheless, it’s best to solely use these punctuated abbreviations with a numbered avenue handle.
Examples:
- 1290 River Ln.
- Addison Avenue.
- 1600 Pennsylvania Ave.
By no means use intervals in quadrant abbreviations.
Instance:
- NW, SE: 2333 E. Beltline Ave. SE.
Measurements
We don’t normally use intervals for measurements and scientific abbreviations. Nonetheless, time and the US measurements have intervals or dots.
Examples:
- in. for inch.
- oz. for ounce.
- ft. for foot.
- sec. for a second.
- h. or hr. For hour.
Keep away from utilizing these pointless abbreviations in formal writing. They may make your textual content laborious to learn, particularly for readers not studying for science or math functions.
Dates
Punctuation for abbreviations of months, dates, and days is just for casual writing.
Examples:
Nonetheless, formal writing doesn’t use frequent abbreviations for lately and months. Due to this fact, we write Monday, 23 January, 2020, as a substitute of Mon., 23 Jan. Some tips additionally depend upon the stylebook you comply with.
Clock Time
We additionally use abbreviations for clock time by way of capital letters and intervals between them. Capital letters with out intervals or lowercases with intervals are additionally acceptable.
Examples:
- 7:50 A.M.
- 7:50 AM
- 7:50 a.m.
The rule for the punctuation of time shouldn’t be relevant when the precise time shouldn’t be connected.
Instance:
- Incorrect: Let’s meet within the a.m.
- Right: Let’s meet within the morning.
Latin Abbreviations
Latin abbreviations maybe have probably the most complicated abbreviation guidelines. The massive three phrases you’ll encounter are and so on., e.g., and i.e. Notice that these abbreviations have lowercase letters and intervals between them.
Use and so on. as an abbreviation for the time period et cetera, which implies and others or and the remaining. Use it on the finish of the checklist to point out that there are extra parts you’ll be able to add to it.
Instance:
- Apples, peaches, goodies, pies, and so on.
Use e.g. to face for exempli gratia, which implies for the sake of an instance. Use it to offer examples or say for instance.
Instance:
- I like watching sit-down comedy TV sequence (e.g., Buddies, How I Met Your Mom, Trendy Household).
We additionally use intervals in abbreviations between every letter for i.e. This abbreviation actually means that’s. You too can translate it as that’s to say or what meaning is.
Instance:
- Our small inn has a promo for tomorrow; i.e., we’ll provide complimentary breakfast.
B.C. and A.D.
Many fashion books suggest the usage of B.C. and A.D. in small capitals, however it’s also possible to use full-sized capitals. We additionally use full stops in abbreviations for these phrases, though casual writing doesn’t add intervals.
Instance:
- 753 B.C.E.
- 79 A.D.
- 79 AD.
- 753 BCE.
Contractions
Contractions are additionally abbreviations. However as a substitute of intervals, they use an apostrophe to point out the omission of letters. As an illustration, they’ll is a contraction of they are going to. She’s is a contraction of she and is, with the one letter i being omitted.
Examples:
- Shouldn’t.
- Received’t.
- She’s.
Do You Put Interval After Abbreviation?
The American utilization of abbreviations recommends a interval after an abbreviation. Whether or not the abbreviations comprise the primary two letters of a phrase or the primary and final letter, there’s all the time a interval.
Examples:
- Dr. for physician.
- Dr. for drive.
However British utilization favors requirements of titles with the primary and final letters not having intervals.
Instance:
- Dr for physician
- Mr for mister.
Don’t overlook to make use of capital letters for these skilled titles.
Do We Use Colon After Abbreviations?
Use a colon after an abbreviation of two phrases, like P.M. or i.e. However you shouldn’t embody a full cease after the abbreviation.
Instance:
- Jessa’s routine varies, i.e: typically she spends the entire day at house, and different days she goes to the mall.
Do You Put a Second Interval After Abbreviation?
You shouldn’t use one other interval if a sentence ends with an abbreviation that has a full cease.
Instance:
- The Cyzicus was based in 756 B.C.E.
What’s the Rule for State Abbreviations?
Whether or not we use textual content or block handle type, the usual US Postal Service abbreviation all the time has a ZIP code. USPS format is good for the itemizing of addresses. Use abbreviations for each avenue addresses and states.
Instance:
Kelly Garcia and Karen Moore
1899 E Primary St
Riverside CA 92501
Grasp the Abbreviation Guidelines
Abbreviation punctuations and capitalizations have completely different guidelines, relying on the title and magnificence information. However the common rule for American English is to make use of intervals for private titles and solely letters for British English.
Take the check beneath to see for those who’ve mastered the abbreviation guidelines!
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